what are the Classification Of Enzymes? types of Classification Of Enzymes? types of enzymes? uses of Classification Of Enzymes?

Enzymes:-

Enzymes are biocatalyst is defined as a substance that increases the velocity of the chemical reaction.

Engines may be classified as biocatalyst synthesized by living cells these are protein in nature colloidal thermolabial in nature and specific in their reaction.

These are active only at particular temperature at low temperature they are inactive and at high temperature there denatured.

Enzymes were discovered by krichoff.

Name of the enzyme was coined by f.w.kuhne.

J.b. Summer isolated the enzyme urease for the first time.

Northrop crystalised the enzyme pepsin and trypsin.

Enzymes are made up of one or more than one polypeptide.

Classification of enzymes:-

Enzymes are classified into two broad categories:-

Intracellular enzymes:-

They are functional units in the cell wall.

Extracellular enzymes:-

This enzymes are active outside of the cell.

The international union of biochemistry appointed on enzyme commission in 1961 enzymes are divided into 6 major types classes.

Oxidoreductases:-

These are the enzymes which our can catalyse oxidation and reduction reaction.

Oxidases:-

These are the enzymes which can be utilised oxygen acts as electron donor but they do not come incorporate oxygen into the substrate.

Dehydrogenase:-

These are the enzymes which can be used by any molecule except oxygen as donor.

Example:-

Nad,fad.

Oxygenase:-

These are the enzymes which use oxygen as electron donor and can incorporate oxygen into the substrate.

Peroxidases:-

These are the enzymes which can use hydrogen peroxide has hydrogen donor.

Transferases:-

These are the enzymes which are involved in the transfer functional group from one substrate to another substrate.

Methyl transferases:-

These are the enzymes involved in the transfer of methyl group or functional group from one substrate to another substrate.

Amino transferases:-

These are the enzymes involved in the transfer of functional group or amino groups from one substrate to another substrate.

Kinases:-

These are the enzymes which can transfer phosphate group from atp molecule.

Phosphorylase:-

Thaese are the enzymes which can transfer phosphate group from inorganic phosphate.

Actyl transferases:-

These are the enzymes which are involved in the transfer of acetyl group from one substrate to another substrate.

Hydrolysis:-

These are the enzymes which are involved in the breakdown of large molecules into small molecules in the presence of water.

In digestion large molecules are break down to small molecules which can easily absorbed by intestine, all digestive enzymes for hydrolyses.

Phosphatases:-

These are the enzymes which can hydrolase phosphate containing molecule or substrate and remove phosphate group.

Phospodiesterases:-

These are the hydrolases which can break phospodiester bond present in the nucleus acid phospodiesterases are also known as nucleases.

Proteases:-

These are the enzymes which can break peptide bond present in protein.

Glycocidases:-

These are the enzymes which can break and ester link present in carbohydrates.

Esterases:-

These are the enzymes which can break and ester link present in the lipids, these are also known as lipases.

Liases:-

These are the enzymes which can add or remove co2, h2o, nh3 and from double bond in the product.

Decarboxylases:-

These are the enzymes which can remove co2 in elimination reactions

Aldolases:-

These are the enzymes which can remove aldehyde group.

Syntheses:-

These are the enzymes which can add two molecules without involvement of atp.

Isomerases:-

These are the enzymes which can catalyse the interconversion of isomerases.

Racemase:-

These are the animals which are involved in the interconversion of d-l forms.

Mutases:-

These are the enzymes which are involved in the interconversion of functional group from one position to the another position in the same molecules.

Mutases

Epimerases:-

These are the isomers which are involved in the interconversion of epimerases.

Cis-trans isomerases:-

These are the isomerases involved in the interconversion of cis trans {or} trans cis.

Lygases:-

These are the enzymes which can join two molecules, it requires atp it is the form of energy.

Carboxylases:-

These are the enzymes {or} ligases which can join 2 carbon dioxide molecules.

Synthases:-

These are the enzymes {or} ligases which can join carbon dioxide molecules with the requirement of energy as atp.